Current Status of Research and Development of Space Propulsion System for Autonomous Spacecraft

Space missions are rapidly diversifying and expanding, encompassing satellite constellations, on-orbit servicing, and deep space exploration.To ensure success and operational efficiency in multi-purpose missions, the demand for spacecraft with advanced autonomy has grown substantially.Autonomous spacecraft can perform various functions including cargo transportation, on-orbit fueling, mission life extension, and space debris removal without external control, and they are also essential for deep space missions.For the successful execution of space missions, it is essential to employ a propulsion system that is suitably tailored to the specific characteristics of the mission.In this study, propulsion systems applicable to autonomous spacecraft were investigated, and the utilization status of missions and propulsion systems was analyzed, focusing on cases operated since the 2000s.