Integrated Mission Planning for Multiple Spacecrafts On-Orbit Servicing and Debris Removal

A complex multi-mission scenario of spacecraft on-orbit servicing and debris removal is addressed by proposing a three-layer optimization framework. The framework decouples the challenging non deterministic polynomial time and mixed integer nonlinear programming problem into three sub-problems. First, an auction-genetic two-layer optimization algorithm is employed to solve the target assignment problem between servicing spacecraft and space debris. Second, an ant colony-particle swarm two-layer optimization algorithm optimizes the visiting sequence and timing for each spacecraft servicing multiple debris targets, ensuring sufficient residual time and fuel for subsequent on-orbit servicing missions. Then, orbital transfer impulses are calculated using an optimal multi-revolution perturbed Lambert solver incorporating fight path angle considerations. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in balancing mission efficiency, resource constraints, and orbital dynamics, demonstrating its applicability to integrated on-orbit servicing and debris removal planning.